Ice or refrigerating machine



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

P. W. WOLF. 10E 0R REFBIGERATING MAGH-INE.

N0. 424,74'2. Patented Apr. 1,1890.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK IV. WOLF, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

ICE OR REFRIG ERATING MACHIN E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 424,747, dated April 1,1890.

Application filed April 24, 1889. Serial No. 308,457. (No model.)

T0 (0% whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FREDERICK W. WOLF, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Ice orRefrigerating Machines,of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in the class of ice-making andrefrigerating machines employing the expansion of a suitable liquefiablegas to absorb heat from its surroundings and thereby produce cold.

The primary object of my improvement is to provide an ice-making orrefrigerating machine which shall possess all the features of the largemachines for the same purpose employed for making ice on a large scaleor for cooling in breweries, packing-houses, and the like, but whichshall be so compact as to its parts (more particularly as to thecondenser and refrigerator) that it may be readily provided indimensions rendering it suitable for domestic, restaurant, and the likeuses requiring machines of lesser capacity.

My invention consists in the general construction of my improvedmachine, and it also consists in details of construction andcombinations of parts.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents the machine containingmy improvements in elevation, the refrigerator and the condenserenveloping it being shown in section. Fig. 2 is a plan view of themachine with the compressor and engine removed; and Fig. 3 is anenlarged View, mainly sectional, of a compressor suitable for use withmy improvement.

My improved machine, like other machines of the class to which itrelates, involves, as essential features, a compressor and a condenserand a refrigerator communicating with it and with each other, wherebythe liquefied gas (usually anhydrous ammonia, which I also employ) maybe'adiiiitted into and allowed to expand through the refrigeratorpipeand absorb the heat from the medium (as brine, water, or the atmosphere)surrounding it, thence taken into the compressor and introduced into thecondenser pipe, wherein it is cooled with water and liquefied and againintroduced to the refrigerator, the action of the compressor maintainingthe circulation. For the purposes of my present machine, however, whichbespeak compactness (and which may also sometimes be the case withlarger machines) and comparatively small dimensions, I provide therefrigerator inside the condenser, and prefer, though it is notessential to do so, to afford the more important advantages of myimproved construction, to impose the compressor and under certaincircumstances. also the engine for actuating it on the top of thecondenser and refrigerator tanks, all as shown in Fi 1.

A is the condenser, comprising the tank 0*,

containin g coiled pipe q, and B is the refrigerator comprising a tank13 within the tank 0' and containing coiled pipe 0.

Between the tank 7' and coiled pipe q is a wall 02, of materialnon-conductive of heat and cold, and which serves to insulate therefrigerator from the condenser, and the two tanks may be provided witha common cover 0, which should be formed of wood or, at least,insulated; or the cover 0 may closeonly the refrigerator-tank, or it mayextend over the condenser tank merely, which may thus be left openpractically.

E is the engine or other motive power, and

D the compressor, both of which may, for the sake of economy in space,be imposed upon the cover 0.

The engine-shaft i carries, besides a flywheel m, a friction-pulley Z,which is preferably conical, and should be composed of pa per, vulcanitefiber, or the like, in contact with a friction-pulley 7c, (alsopreferably'conical, so that the pulleyl may be readily ad j usted withrelation to the pulley 7a, according to the work or to the wear, bysetting the nuts 00,) on the compressor-shaft h, supported,like theengine-shaft, in suitable bearings, as shown. The piston F, Fig. 3, isconnected through its pistoirrod g with a crank g on the end. of theshaft h. e e

The compressor D, as shown in Fig. 3, involves the followingconstruction: The gas inlet or suction valve G, opening inward withrelation to the compressor-cylinder f, and the gas-outlet valve 1,opening outward with relation to the compressoncylinder, are bothprovided in the lower part or base of the compressor, the former beinginterposed between the communication through a pipe 0 (forming theoutlet of the pipe 0) of the refrigerator-coil with the compressor, andthe latter between the communication through a pipe q (forming the inletto the pipe q) of the condenser-coil with the compressor, and a passageZ7 connects the pipe q, through the chamber of the valve I, with theupper part of the compressor-cylinder f, through a passage a, leadingfrom a chamber or passage 0, afforded by an outer wall 1 of thecompressorcylinder, whereby a continuous passage is provided from thecondenser to the upper end of the compressor outside the cylinder of thelatter.

' The operation is as follows: With the upstroke of the piston F gas(and, according to the arrangement of the Linde ice-machine set forth inLetters Patent of the United States N 228,364, granted June 1, 1880, andreissued on the lothday of September, 1884, under the number 10,522,vapor mixed with the gas) is drawn from the refrigeratoucoil 0 throughthe pipe 0' into the compressor below the piston, the pressure thereofin the compressor-cylinder being fifteen pounds (more or less) to thesquare inch. The downstroke of the piston forces the gas through thechamber of the valve I and passage 1) into the chamber c, and thencethrough the passage a above the piston into the cylinder f, wherein itexerts a pressure of about one hundred and fifty pounds to the squareinch. The succeeding upstroke of the piston draws gas from therefrigerator into the compressorchamber in the manner described andforces that above the piston through the pipe q downward into thecondenser-coil q, wherein it is cooled and thus liquefied by cold waterintroduced into the tank 4, and liquid ammonia passes upward from thecondenser-coil through the vertical extension Q2 thereof into the upperend of the refrigerator-coil 0, the supply between the condenser andrefrigerstruction thus described, and which render it particularlydesirable for use in my improved machine, are, besides the compactnessthereby afforded and hereinbefore referred to, that each double strokeof the piston fills the cylinder f; that the valves G and I, being inthe bottom of the compressor, cannot fall into the latter, and thusobstruct itand tend to cause its bursting or breaking; that the upwardstroke of the piston accomplishes the entire compression, and thepressure above it does material work in the downstroke, and'wit-h the upor pull stroke the piston draws in the gas below the piston at thefifteen-pound pressure and compresses it out of the cylinder into thecondenser from above the piston at about one hundred and fifty pounds.

If required, a check-valved is provided in the communication of thecompressed gas passage q with the condenser.

hat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an ice or refrigerating machine, the combination, with acompressor, of a condenser and a refrigerator within the condenser andinsulated therefrom, substantially as described.

2. In an ice or refrigerating machine, the combination of a condenserA,-a refrigerator B within the condenser and insulated therefrom, acover 0, an engine or other motive power, and a compressor supported onthe cover C, substantially as described.

FREDERICK WV. WVOLF.

In presence of- J. N. DYRENFORTH, M. J. Bownns.

